Enameling

Enameling is grains of glass fired on metal. Each finished piece takes several intricate steps to complete. First, the cooper shape is prepared to accept the glass. Holes are drilled for mounting, then it is scrubbed to remove oils and other grime. Opaque, transparent, and opalescent glass is sifted on to the surfaces (protective mask was not worn for pic). The piece is fired in a 1450 - 1500 degree kiln until glossy (about 1-2 minutes). The piece goes into the kiln cold and comes out hot. The back is counter enameled, then the front gets multiple layers of enamels, which require firing after every additional layer. 

Other steps may include etching the glass to create a matte surface and a graphite drawing added. Clear enamels are sifted over the pencil and the piece refired. Watercolor and acrylic enamels are painted on to the surface and the piece is fired again. Usually, the final step is using a pen and nip to add ink enamels or liners for definition. The piece goes into the kiln one last time. The enamel piece is then finished with handbeading or framed.